Researchers at LZH are developing a robust laser system for monitoring greenhouse gases from space using a hybrid approach as part of the EU project HALLOA. The goal is to provide precise data to improve our understanding of the climate, while also strengthening Europe's technological independence.
Together with five partners from two additional countries, LZH scientists are developing a robust laser system for space-based measurements. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) systems use laser pulses to capture distances and velocities, but can also measure trace gases and aerosols. The laser system should be used to monitor the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide from space in the future. This data on concentrations and distributions can help to improve our understanding of human-induced climate change and track the impact of potential countermeasures.
Credit: LZH
Within the EU-project HALLOA, scientists at LZH test laser faser amplifiers and other components to ensure their space qualifications.
Space-qualified LiDAR laser system
The new laser is based on a hybrid architecture. It combines the advantages of fibre-optic systems, which are compact, versatile, and low-maintenance, with those of free-space designs, which offer high potential for power scaling. To achieve this, the partners work with both fibre and solid-state amplifiers. This combined solution has lower complexity than conventional systems and will therefore significantly accelerate the development of the space LiDAR system.
European Independence in Space
As part of the project, the partners are improving the design of a pulsed thulium fibre amplifier for the near-infrared range at a wavelength of 2.05 µm. The objective is to build a fibre amplifier prototype with Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6 using exclusively European components. To optimize the entire laser system for operation under space conditions, the partners first develop a potential concept for a future space mission. Building on this foundation, they develop the requirements for the associated LiDAR system, the optomechanical design of the laser system, and specially adapted high-power laser diodes that emit at a wavelength of 790 nm, which are required for operating the fibre amplifiers. This culminates in the demonstration of a robust fibre amplifier built with European components. Finally, this is integrated into a hybrid overall laser system.
LZH conducts space qualification testing
The LZH scientists are responsible for space qualification testing within the project. They will subject individual components as well as the developed fibre amplifier to vibration and shock, thermal cycling, and radiation testing. The fibre amplifier is scheduled to advance from the existing Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 4 to 6 within three years.